Youyou Tu,umugore wa 12 uhawe igihembo cyo kuvumbura umuti wa malaria
Umushimwakazi Youyou Tu ari kumwe n’umuyaIrlande William C. Campbell ndetse n’umuyapani Satoshi Ōmura yahawe igihembo cyiswe ‘’le prix Nobel de médecine 2015’’kuwa 5 Ukwakira,nyuma yuko avumbuye umuti mushya w’indwara ya malaria wagize uruhare runini mu kugabanya imfu z’abarwayi ba malaria kuva watangira guoreshwa.
Uyu mukecuru w’imyaka 84 y’amavuko abaye umugore wa 12 uhawe igihembo nyuma y’ibihembo bigera kuri 207 bimaze gutangwa n’ikigo kitwa la prestigieuse Académie royale des sciences de Suède kuva mu mwaka w’1901,hashingiwe ku bikorwa byihariye kandi by’ingirakamaro abantu baba bakoze cyane cyane ibifite inyungu rusange ku bantu bose.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mbere yo guhabwa iki gihembo bwagaragaje ko uyu muti wavumbuwe na Youyou mu mwaka w’1972 wagabanyije imfu nyinshi z’abarwayi ba malaria bahitanwaga n’iyi ndwara kuko umubare w’abapfaga wagabanutseho 20% nyuma y’uko utangiye gukoreshwa kuva mu mwa ka wa 2000.
Muri ubu bushakashatsi bwakozwe n’ikigo cy’igihugu cyita ku buzima no gukora ubushakashatsi ku miti (Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale),gifatanije n’urugaga rw’abaganga batagira umupaka,MSF’’Medicins Sans Frontiere’’,bwagaragaje ko umuti wakozwe na Youyou,ukomoka ku bimera 380 by’ubwoko butandukanye byo mu gihugu cy’ubushinwa,ukaba ugira urhare runini mu guhangana no kurwanya udukoko twinjira mu maraso y’umuntu dutera malaria, ndetse ukagabanya n’umuriro ku murwayi wa malaria.
Imibare itangazwa n’iki kigo igaragaza ko ubwandu bw’indwara ya malaria bugera kuri 227 muri miliyoni 198 z’abantu hagati y’umwaka wa 2000 na 2013 ku rwego rw’isi.Naho abahitanwa n’iyi ndwara bagabanutse kuva ku bantu 882 000 bagera kuri 584 000 muri iyi myaka yavuzwe. Imfu z’abantu bakuru zagabanutseho 39% naho imfu z’abana zigabanukaho 24% .
Muri rusange abahitanwa n’iyi ndwara cyane bakaba ari abo mu bihugu bya Afurika kuko ababarirwa hagati ya 80 % na 90 % ari abo muri Afurika,abandi bakaba abo mu bihugu bya Aziya cyane cyane mu Buhinde ndetse n’igice gito cyo muri Amerika y’amajyepfo. .