Ibyo kwitondera ku kuboneza urubyaro ukiri umukobwa muto
Ubusanzwe kuboneza urubyaro ni uburyo bwo kwirinda kuba wasama. Byumvikane ko bireba buri wese uri mu gihe cyo kuba yabyara. Muri rusange ni ukuva umukobwa atangiye kujya mu mihango, kugeza acuze. Impamvu tutavuze imyaka runaka nuko igihe cyo kujya mu mihango no gucura kitangana ku bantu bose.
Biramahire Francois, impuguke mu mikoreshereze y’imiti aratubwira birambuye ingaruka umukobwa uboneza urubayaro akiri muto ashobora guhura nazo
Tubanze tubibutse ko kuboneza urubyaro birimo ibice bibiri by ingenzi. Hari uburyo budakoresha imisemburo, n’uburyo bukoresha imisemburo, ariko turibanda cyane ku gukoresha uburyo bukoresha imisemburo kuko aribwo bugira ingaruka ku babukoresha bakiri bato.
Ubudakoresha imisemburo twavuga agakingirizo, kaba ak’abagabo cyangwa ak’abagore, urunigi, spermicide (iyi ni Imiti yica intangangabo, ishyirwa mu gitsina cy’umugore iminota 10 mbere yo gukora imibonano), ndetse n’agapira ko mu gitsina, uretseko habaho n agakoze mu misemburo.
Uburyo bukoresha imisemburo harimo ibinini, birimo amoko abiri (bitewe n’imisemburo irimo), inshinge, agapira ko mu kuboko, ndetse n’agapira ko mu gitsina gakoze mu misemburo.
Ubu buryo nibwo bujya buteza ibibazo ku babukoresha nubwo ari bwo bwizewe kurenza ubudakoresha imisemburo.
Ese umukobwa utarabyara yemerewe kubukoresha ?
Mbere yo gusubiza iki kibazo, tubanze twibuke impamvu yo kuboneza urubyaro : ni ukugirango umuntu abyare abo ashoboye kurera. Rero nubwo gukoresha imisemburo bishobora guteza ingaruka, ni ingaruka zishobora gukosorwa, kurenza ko wabyara abo utazabasha kurera.
Gusa, guhitamo uburyo bukwiriye nibyo bya mbere haba ku mukobwa no ku mugore. Twibutsako ubu buryo bwo kuboneza urubyaro ukoresheje imisemburo, butuma umubiri wawe wifata nkaho utwite, bigatuma intanga ngore zitongera gukura.
Ku mukobwa wese uri munsi y’imyaka12 nta buryo na bumwe bwo kuboneza urubyaro bukoresha imisemburo aba yemerewe. Kuko umubiri we uba ukiri gukura, bishobora kumuteza ubugumba bwa burundu.
Ku mukobwa uri munsi y imyaka 18, ntiyemerewe kuba yakoresha agapira ko mu gitsina (IUD) kuko bimwongerera ibyago byo kwandura za mikorobi zo mu gitsina (pelvic infection).
Bitewe nuko iriya miti iboneza urubyaro ituma umubiri udakora imisemburo izatera intanga gukura, ku mukobwa ukiri gukura, nukuvuga akenshi utarageza imyaka 21, harimo ingaruka zuko binatuma imisemburo ituma akura neza idakora. Gukura neza ku mukobwa ni ukuzana amabere, kubyibuha igice cyo hasi, ijwi ryorohereye, n’ibindi byinshi biranga umukobwa. Iyo misemburo igerwaho n’ingaruka zo kuboneza urubyaro ukiri muto harimo :
Pregnenolone, Testosterone, Androstenedione, DHEA, Estrogen
Iyi yose ikaba ari imisemburo umubiri ubwawo wikorera nubwo harimo ishobora gutunganyirizwa mu ruganda nka DHEA. Dufashe nka pregnenolone, uyu musemburo ugirira akamaro umubiri kuko niwo utuma indi misemburo nka testosterone, DHEA na estrogen ikorwa. Uyu musemburo kandi utera imikorere myiza y’ubwonko, kongera ubwenge bwibutsa (memory), gukora neza akazi, no kuvura uburibwe na stress.
Testosterone yo ituma umugore agira ikibengukiro ndetse ikanatuma imikaya ye (muscles) ikora neza. DHEA itera kudasaza ku ruhu ikanavura kwiheba no kwigunga. Iyo rero umukobwa aboneje urubyaro akoresheje imisemburo akiri muto, ashobora gutuma imikorere y’ iyi misemburo ibura bityo akagerwaho n’ ingaruka zo kudakora kw’iyi misemburo.
Turebye kuri buri buryo bwo kuboneza urubyaro, ingaruka ku mukobwa ukiri muto ni izikurikira :
Ibinini bifite imisemburo ibiri : ibi binini mu Rwanda bizwi nka Microgynon, ubusanzwe bikoresha unywa ikinini kimwe buri munsi ku isaha idahinduka. Ubusanzwe iyi miti ku muntu uyikoresha, imurinda gusama ndetse inatuma agira ukwezi kudahindagurika. Ikindi nuko ituma atava cyane ari mu mihango ndetse ntinamurye.
Gusa ku mukobwa uri munsi y imyaka 18, iyo yibagiwe kukinywa hagashira byibuze amasaha 3 urengeje ku gihe yari kukinyweramo, ashobora gusama aramutse akoze imibonano idakingiye.Ubushakashatsi kandi bwagaragaje ko kuri aba bakobwa ibi binini bibatera kurwara ibiheri byo mu maso bidakira.
Ibinini birimo umusemburo w’ubwoko bumwe. Ibi binini bizwi nka Microlut mu Rwanda, akenshi bihabwa abagore bonsa kuko umusemburo ubamo ari mucyeya ugafatanya no konsa. Rero ku mukobwa kubikoresha nta cyizere cyo kudasama yaba afite. Gusa byo niyo yakibagirwa kukinywa hagashira amasaha 12, umusemburo uba ukimurimo. Nabyo binyobwa kimwe ku munsi, ku isaha idahinduka.
Inshinge : izi nshinge ziterwa buri mezi 3 (uretse ko n urw amezi 2 rubaho), zizwi nka DepoProvera mu Rwanda. Ku bagore benshi zigira ingaruka nubwo ari zo bakunda. Ku mukobwa by’umwihariko kwiteza izi nshinge bishobora kumutera kutabyara burundu kuko hari igihe umubiri uhita ubimenyera uko akajya mu cyo twita anovulation stage.
Iki ni igihe kimeze nko gucura, aho umubiri utongera gutuma hari intanga ikura. Ikindi kibi nuko ku mukobwa bishobora kugabanya ubwinshi bw’imyunyu-ngugu iba mu magufa (bone mineral density).
Iyo myunyu irimo calcium ku isonga, nibyo ituma tugira amagufa akomeye, ndetse inatuma ikorwa ry’insoro zitukura (globules rouges/Red Blood Cells) rigenda neza kuko burya zikorerwa mu musokoro. Rero iyo umukobwa yiteza izi nshinge aba afite ibyago byinshi byo kubura iyi myunyu bityo akaba yagira amagufa adakomeye, kurwara rubagimpande akiri muto, no kugabanyuka kw’ amaraso.
Agapira ko mu kuboko. Aka gapira kazwi nka Jadelle cyangwa Norplant mu Rwanda, nta ngaruka zihariye ku mukobwa gateza. Nibwo buryo umukobwa utarabyara, akaba arengeje imyaka 12 y’ ubukure ashobora gukoresha. Ingaruka zamubaho ni zimwe n’izishobora kuba ku bandi bagore nko kurwara umugongo, kubyibuha, umutwe, kubabara amabere, n’imihango itinda gukama.
Gusa bikaba bibuijwe kuba wagakoresha mu gihe urwaye kanseri y’amabere. By’umwihariko, uramutse wumvise ikintu kibyimbye mu ibere, amaso y’umuhondo, no kuva cyane uba ugomba guhita ugakuzamo.
Agapira ko mu gitsina (IUD). Nkuko twabivuze mbere ku mukobwa utarageza imyaka 18 aba afite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri yo mu gitsina, no kurwara indwara ziterwa na mikorobe zifata mu gitsina (pelvic cancer and pelvic infection).
Muri rusange rero, kuboneza urubyaro ukiri umukobwa, by umwihariko uri mu myaka yo hasi, bigomba gukorwa byitondewe hamaze gukorwa isuzuma.
Twongereho ko umukobwa ukoresha ubu buryo aba afite ibyago byo kurwara kanseri y’ibere byikubye 6 kurenza utabukoresha. Ikindi nuko ubu buryo iyo bukoreshejwe amabere akiri gukura bigira ingaruka ku mikurire yayo kuko bihagarika DNA zo gukura kwayo bityo agasyigingira.
Kandi nanone nkuko twabivuze bishobora (iyo bikoreshejwe igihe) gutuma umubiri utongera gutuma hari intanga ikura, bigatera ubugumba bwa burundu.
Rero twanzure tuvugako byakabaye byiza umukobwa utarashaka akoresheje uburyo butarimo imisemburo nk’agakingirizo no kubara, byayoberana akifashisha agapira ko mu kuboko, nabwo yabanje gusuzumwa ko nta bimenyetso bya kanseri y’amabere afite.
Kandi yabona kamwe mu bimenyetso twavuze mbere akihutira kugakuzamo. Gusa ikiza kurusha byose ni uko abakobwa bakiri bato bakwifata bakazakora imibonano mpuzabitsina nyuma yo gushyingirwa barabaye bakuru.
Gracieuse Uwadata